Count coins and notes, pay for things at the shop, and work out your change.
Each coin is worth a different amount. Add them all up.
Coins are worth different amounts, so count the value, not the coins.
Pay with the biggest coin that fits, then add smaller ones.
Change: count up from the price to what you paid.
Start by recognising each coin and note and what it's worth. Then sort the coins, biggest first, and count on: for 50, 20 and 5 say 50, 70, 75.
Count up from the price to the amount paid, the way shopkeepers do. For something costing 3.70 paid with a 5 note, count 3.70 to 3.80, to 4.00, to 5.00. The steps are 0.10, 0.20 and 1.00, so the change is 1.30.
Taking away amounts like 5.00 − 3.70 needs exchanging a whole unit for smaller ones, and it's easy to forget. Counting up avoids that step and shows the coins you'd really get back.
Children recognise coins and count small amounts at about 5 to 7, add amounts and give change from whole amounts at about 7 to 8, and work with prices that have two parts at about 8 to 9.